Indian tie and dye textiles are one of the art crafts forms of India that shows the diversity of the nation. Various regions has different patterns, motifs and techniques and these distinct styles can be easily recognised when worn. Different colours are used to make the plain to render beautiful colours to the simple looking fabrics. According to the design and the motif, each pattern has its special significance. Tie dye is a set of ancient resist dyeing techniques. In this technique, the colour is prohibited from reaching all over the cloth. As a result, a pattern is created over the ground of the cloth. This modern term Tie dye is invented in the 1960s in the USA. There are some assorted fabric tying and dyeing techniques of India which are widely used and loved by everyone.
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Bandhani
The name is derived from the word ‘bandhan’ which means to tie. The term bandhani is derived from the Sanskrit verbal root bandh.Bandhani is one of the tie and dye technique which date backs to Indus Valley Civilization developed by Khatri community of Gujarat in India. The printing technique finds mention in historical texts of 7th century ad literature- Harshacharita written by Banabhatta. The ancient “Bandhani,” or Indian Tie & Dye technique began around 5000 years ago in the Indian states of Rajasthan and Gujarat. Many believe and attribute the Muslim Khatri community of Kutch as some of the first to use this form of dyeing. It is the oldest method still in practice and is used to make sarees, odhnis, and turbans. Of late, many fashion design schools have started encouraging Bandhani technique as a way to revive the age old tradition of dyeing and printing.
Dyeing Technique
The technique of Tie and Dye involves two stages i.e, tying sections of a length of cloth (silk or cotton) and then dunking it into vats of colour.In Bandhani tie and dye is done by hands . In this process several portions of fabric are plucked by fingernails followed by tying around a pebble/grain and then dipping in dye forming small knots. After dye is completely dried, the nodes are unwound to reveal beautiful designs and geometric patterns formed from dotted lines. Traditionally the tie-dye is done on silk, cotton and wool. But various materials like cotton silk, chiffon, georgette and various other fabrics are also experimented with, inventing a beautiful riot of colours on cloth.
Colours used
When it comes to tie and dyeing colour selection is the most important thing as it varies from technique and region . There is always a reason and history behind choosing particular colours for dyeing .There are different dyeing techniques from different regions with different colours and history behind it .In the same way in Bandhani tie and dye technique also there is a reason behind choosing particular colours for this art. Mostly the background colours chosen are bright such as green, red, pink, yellow, etc are used in various shades and hues. However, the print can be adapted to any colour.
Motifs
Bandhani features patterns like dots, stripes, waves or squares, diamonds ,regarded for its fine resist dots and intricate designs. Other motifs created by outlining with tiny dots are animal and human figures, flowers, plants and trees.
Bandhani dresses
The products range varies from odhanis, saris, shawls to stitched garments like kurta and skirts. Now a days bandh ani tie and dye dresses are liked by people. Bandh ani tie and dyed dresses can be used in any occasion like festivals ,weddings , parties .Mostly Indian wear with Bandhani looks historic and elegant which carries artistic values .
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